Lymphedema is an abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid which usually causes chronic swelling, inflammation and reactive fibrosis of the affected tissues.

It can be primary (abnormal at birth) or secondary (post surgery, cancer treatment such as surgery and radiation, trauma, obesity...).

Lymphedema is a condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the tissues, leading to chronic inflammation, swelling, and reactive fibrosis. If left untreated, lymphedema can get worse and cause long-term tissue damage and significantly impair mobility and quality of life.

Lymphedema is clinically present in 4 stages and can be classified into two types:

• Primary Lymphedema: A congenital condition caused by developmental abnormalities in the lymphatic system.
• Secondary Lymphedema: Resulting from external factors such as cancer surgery, radiation therapy, trauma, infections, or obesity.

Lymphedema conservative treatment: Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT)

The gold standard in the treatment of lymphedema is Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT), a comprehensive, evidence-based approach aimed at reducing swelling and improving the function of the lymphatic system. CDT is typically divided into two phases:

1. Intensive Phase
   The intensive phase focuses on reducing the swelling and volume of affected tissues. During this phase, the following components are used:

   • Manual Lymphatic Drainage (MLD): This specialized technique uses gentle massage to stimulate the lymphatic system, helping to clear excess lymphatic fluid from the tissues and return it to the bloodstream.

   • Compression Bandaging: Compression is applied through short stretch bandages to maintain pressure on the affected area, encouraging the movement of fluid out of the tissues and preventing further buildup. This also helps in preventing the recurrence of swelling.

   • Exercise: A tailored exercise program is essential during this phase. The exercises are designed to activate the muscles, improve lymphatic flow, and enhance overall mobility. Lymphedema-specific exercises can stimulate the muscles and lymphatic vessels, supporting drainage.

   • Skin and Nail Care: Since individuals with lymphedema are at higher risk of infections due to compromised skin integrity, proper skin care is vital. Patients are instructed on how to maintain good hygiene, care for their skin and nails.

2. Maintenance Phase
   Once the swelling has been significantly reduced during the intensive phase, the patient moves to the maintenance phase. This phase focuses on maintaining the results achieved and preventing any recurrence of lymphedema. The key components include:

   • Compression Garments: Patients are fitted for custom compression garments to wear daily, which help manage swelling and prevent fluid from accumulating in the tissues. These garments are typically worn during the day and removed at night (specific night garments can be used at night).

   • Self-Management Education: Patients are taught how to maintain the results of their treatment independently, including how to wear compression garments properly, perform at-home exercises, and monitor for signs of any changes in their condition.

   • Ongoing Exercise: Regular exercise remains a key part of the maintenance phase to continue improving lymphatic drainage and mobility. Patients are encouraged to integrate lymphatic exercises into their daily routine to sustain the benefits.

   • Weight Management: Managing body weight is particularly important during the maintenance phase, as excess weight can exacerbate swelling and place additional strain on the lymphatic system.

Additional Components of Lymphedema Treatment

• Patient Education: Education is an essential part of both the intensive and maintenance phases. Patients are informed about the nature of lymphedema, how to manage the condition, and lifestyle modifications that can help reduce swelling and prevent complications.

• Psychosocial Support: Psychological support is important for people living with lymphedema to improve their well-being. 

Our physical therapists hav ereceived their trainings from leading institutions such as Klose Training – USA and Földi Clinic – Germany. This ensures that our treatment practices meet the highest international standards for managing lymphedema.